The Sukhan Archive

The lifework of a language, item by item.

A descriptive bibliography of everything Turaqul Zehni wrote — grammars, the first Tajik Gogol, his treatise on poetics, the 45,000-entry dictionary — and the one fact that makes it a scholarly instrument: a single author's corpus that physically crosses all three alphabets Tajik was forced through in one working life. This is the archive's spine. Fourteen works in seven groups. We are shipping the records first, and the pages behind them as each is verified.

San’ati Sukhan — the five editions
A variorum in waiting
— an edition collating every variant

His central work exists only as a set of disagreeing texts. Collating them into one apparatus — and translating it into English for the first time — is the foundation’s flagship scholarly initiative. The record begins here.

1960
first ed.
San’athoi badei
1967
Irfon
Dushanbe
1979
Irfon
Dushanbe
1992
expanded
2007
Adib edition
rights under negotiation

First appeared in 1960 as San’athoi badei dar she’ri tojiki (“Artistic Devices in Tajik Poetry”); one Tajik source dates the first edition to 1963 instead — an open question the variorum is meant to settle. The 1967 and 1979 Irfon editions are firmly attested.

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Showing 14 of 14 works

I

Grammars, readers & primers

1927
Perso-Arabic

Taronahoi bachagon

“Children’s Songs”
School reader
Among the first Soviet Tajik schoolbooks — a reader for children.
Record only · to be digitised
1928
Perso-Arabic

Omuzish

“Study”
Primary textbook · primer
With Vadud Mahmudi
A primer for the new state schools.
Record only · to be digitised
1930, 1933
Perso-Arabic

Sarfi zaboni tojiki

“Tajik Morphology”
Grammar (morphology)
With B. Hojizoda · L. Buzurgzoda
Printed in Perso-Arabic script — the hand of the madrasa Zehni was trained in.
Record only · to be digitised
1935
Latin 1928–40

Sarf

“Grammar”
Grammar
With Hamid Baqozoda
Printed in the 1928–40 Latin alphabet. It is the object the foundation’s Three Hands feature promises to collate its Latin column against.
Record only · to be digitised
II

Translation

1928
Perso-Arabic

Shinel

Gogol, “The Overcoat”
Translation · first into Tajik
The first Tajik translation of Gogol. Its 2028 centenary is the press hook for the proposed translation prize.
Record only · to be digitised
III

Poetics — the central work

1960 → 2007
Cyrillic

San’ati sukhan

“The Art of the Word”
Treatise on poetics · five editions
His central work and a standard university text for generations. A treatise on poetics, prosody and rhetorical figures, whose definition of tashhis (personification) is still quoted in Central Asian scholarship. Editions: 1960 · 1967 · 1979 · 1992 · 2007 — collated above.
Record only · to be digitised
IV

Lexicography

1969
Cyrillic

Farhangi zaboni tojiki

“Dictionary of the Tajik Language,” 2 vols.
Dictionary · co-compiler
With eds. M. Shukurov · V. A. Kapranov · R. Hoshim · N. Ma’sumi
The largest Tajik dictionary of the Soviet period — c. 45,000 entries spanning the 10th to the early 20th century.
Record only · to be digitised
V

Essays, criticism & articles

1926
Perso-Arabic

“On Language” · “The Persian Language and Literature Are Shared”

essays in Ovozi tojik
Essays
Argued that literary Tajik is simply Persian — “the international language of Persian-speakers” shared by Tajiks, Afghans, Iranians and the Muslims of India.
1920s–83
Perso-ArabicLatin 1928–40Cyrillic

Collected articles

300+ scholarly articles
Articles · to be itemised
On literary history, criticism, folklore and linguistics — appearing across his career, several under his satirical pen names.
Record only · to be digitised
VI

Late & posthumous

1973
Cyrillic

Monograph on a classical poet

248 pp., Donish
Monograph
Subject unconfirmed in the accessible record — a “poet of the whole world,” plausibly Bedil, but not established.
Record only · to be digitised
1984
Cyrillic

Chand sukhani sudmand

“A Few Useful Words”
Memoirs · posthumous
Portraits of Tughral, Aini, Lahuti, Habib Yusufi and Shahnazar Sohibov.
Record only · to be digitised
1987
Cyrillic

Az ta’rikhi leksikai zaboni tojiki

“From the History of the Vocabulary of the Tajik Language”
Historical lexicology · posthumous
With 236 pp., Donish
His work on the deep history of the Tajik lexicon, published after his death.
Record only · to be digitised
VII

Verse (uncollected)

c.1919–83
Perso-ArabicLatin 1928–40Cyrillic

Poems under five pen names

Somoni · Rustam · Mushfiqi · Quchqor · Mullo
Verse · never collected
His own poetry, begun around 1919–20 and scattered through the periodical press under several pen names — never gathered into a single collection. A gap a foundation archive is well placed to fill.
Record only · to be digitised
The first release  ◆  already public

Two texts survive in public reprints.

Per the archive’s first step, we begin with the writings already in the public domain — digitised or linked from their existing open reprints — while every other record waits on rights and a verified facsimile. The eventual form is facsimile beside clean transcription, with a toggle rendering the same Tajik across all three alphabets. Nothing is transcribed until it exists and is checked; nothing is guessed.

Open questions carried from the record
  • San’ati Sukhan, first edition: 1960 or 1963. The 1967 and 1979 Irfon editions are firm.
  • The 1973 monograph’s subject: a “poet of the whole world” — plausibly Bedil, but unconfirmed in the record.
  • The 300+ articles: not yet itemised, and complicated by the pen names (Somoni, Rustam, Mushfiqi, Quchqor, Mullo) under which much of the criticism appeared.
  • The verse: begun around 1919 and scattered through the periodical press; never gathered into a single collection.
  • Facsimiles: none digitised yet beyond the two public reprints above.
Compiled from the foundation’s grounded biography  ·  Language ◆ Memory ◆ Continuity